GH-900 · Foundations

GH-900 Cheat Sheet 2026: Quick Reference

Every domain condensed to a table, plus a repository-files guide and a GitHub Copilot tier comparison the exam tests directly.

Exam Snapshot

Questions: ~60
Duration: 60 minutes
Passing score: 700 / 1000
Cost: $99 USD
Level: Foundations
Last updated: 2026-01 (per Microsoft's skills-at-a-glance)

We built this from Microsoft's published GH-900 skills outline, not a generic template — every reference link below points to the current Microsoft Learn page, verified before this went live.

1. Understand Git and GitHub Basics (25-30%)

ConceptAreaQuick note
Version control purposeFundamentalsWhy track changes at all
Git vs. GitHubFundamentalsTool vs. the hosted platform built on it
Repositories, commits, branchesFundamentalsThe three core Git concepts
Accounts, organizations, enterpriseWorking with GitHubDifferent account structures for different scale
GitHub FlowWorking with GitHubThe standard branch-based collaboration workflow
Markdown in issues/PRsWorking with GitHubFormatting for clear communication
GitHub Desktop vs. MobileWorking with GitHubWhich client fits which use case

2. Work with GitHub Repositories (10-15%)

ConceptAreaQuick note
Repo structure & key filesRepository managementSee the reference table below
Templates & branchesRepository managementCreating and organizing new repositories
Adding/managing filesRepository managementBasic file operations inside a repo
Repo insights, stars, metricsRepository managementVisibility into repo health and activity
Dependency insightsRepository managementSupply-chain visibility for a repo

3. Collaborate Using GitHub (10-15%)

ConceptAreaQuick note
Issues, PRs, discussionsCollaboration toolsThree distinct collaboration surfaces, not interchangeable
Linking PRs to issuesCollaboration toolsConnecting a code change to a tracked item
Templates, filters, assignmentsCollaboration toolsStructuring incoming work
NotificationsCollaboration toolsConfiguring for workflow management, not just noise
Gists, Wikis, GitHub PagesCollaboration toolsThree distinct ways to document and share

4. Apply Modern Development Practices (10-15%)

ConceptAreaQuick note
GitHub ActionsAutomationCI/CD and general workflow automation
GitHub CopilotAI toolsAI-powered code suggestions, including agents and Agent Mode
Copilot tiersAI toolsSee the reference table below
GitHub CodespacesDev environmentsCloud dev containers, customizable
github.dev vs. CodespacesDev environmentsLightweight browser editor vs. a full dev environment

5. Manage Projects with GitHub (5-10%)

ConceptAreaQuick note
GitHub Projects & layoutsProject trackingBoards, tables, and roadmap-style views
Labels, milestones, workflowsProject trackingOrganizing work items at scale
Saved replies & assigneesProject trackingStreamlining repeated communication
Project insightsProject trackingTracking progress and productivity

6. Understand Privacy, Security, and Administration (10-15%)

ConceptAreaQuick note
2FA & passkeysAccount securitySecuring sign-in beyond a password
Access permissions & rolesAccess managementRepo- and org-level role distinctions
Enterprise Managed Users (EMUs)Access managementOrg-controlled identities, not personal accounts
Org-wide Copilot policyAccess managementCentral AI governance across an organization
Repo privacy & visibilityAccess managementWho can see a repository at all
Branch protection rulesAccess managementPreventing unreviewed changes from merging

Common Mistake: Treating Branch Protection as Optional

The security table above lists branch protection rules almost in passing, but skipping them is one of the most common real-world GitHub mistakes. Without a protection rule on the default branch, any collaborator with write access can push straight to main, bypassing pull request review entirely — even if the team's workflow assumes every change goes through GitHub Flow. A single unreviewed push can overwrite a teammate's work or rewrite commit history outright. Turning on required reviews and status checks for the default branch is what actually makes the collaboration tools in the table above (issues, PRs, linked reviews) mean anything — they only matter if merging without them isn't just as easy.

7. Explore the GitHub Community (5-10%)

ConceptAreaQuick note
Open source benefits & GitHub SponsorsCommunityThe value case for open source plus how funding works
Following users/orgsCommunityStaying informed about activity
GitHub MarketplaceCommunityDiscovering apps and Actions built by others
InnerSourceCommunityApplying open-source principles inside a single organization
Forks, templates, discoverable reposCommunityMechanisms that promote collaboration

Repository Special Files Quick Reference

FilePurpose
READMEProject overview and getting-started info
LICENSELegal terms for using and distributing the code
CONTRIBUTINGHow to propose changes to the project
CODEOWNERSWho is automatically requested to review specific paths
SECURITYHow to report a vulnerability responsibly

GitHub Copilot Tier Quick Reference

TierBest fit
IndividualA single developer, personal projects
BusinessA team or org needing centralized billing and policy control
EnterpriseLarge orgs needing EMU integration and org-wide governance

GH-900 Quick Answers

How is this cheat sheet different from the GH-900 study guide?

The study guide explains each domain in narrative form with a study plan. This page is tables only, for a final scan before the exam.

What are the required files in a well-structured GitHub repository?

README, LICENSE, CONTRIBUTING, CODEOWNERS, and SECURITY — each with a distinct purpose. See the table above.

What's the difference between Copilot Individual, Business, and Enterprise?

Individual fits one developer. Business adds centralized billing and policy control. Enterprise adds EMU integration and org-wide governance.

Can I print this GH-900 cheat sheet?

Yes — every table here is plain HTML, so a browser print or "print to PDF" renders cleanly.

MSCertQuiz sells practice-exam access for GH-900 and other Microsoft certifications; this cheat sheet is written by the same team that builds those questions.

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